There are currently around 115 records of indigenous peoples in isolation in Brazil, most of them in the Legal Amazon. Of these records, only a small number have been confirmed and located, meaning that the majority of peoples living in isolation do not have their territory recognized and protected. However, even those peoples who live in territories with some protection are experiencing a significant increase in invasions and threats with the advance of activities such as agribusiness and mining. In this talk, we will discuss the situation of the Hi-Merimã indigenous people who live in the south of the state of Amazonas, in the region of the middle Purus river, based on the experience of Atxu Marimã. His life experience before and after contact with non-indigenous people will be the guiding thread of the meeting.